Lack of official documentation has made estimating the full variety of consolation ladies tough. Ikuhiko Hata, a professor of Nihon University, estimated the variety of girls working within the licensed pleasure quarter was fewer than 20,000 and that they had been 40% Japanese, 20% Koreans, 10% Chinese, with others making up the remaining 30%. In response to Hata, the total number of government-regulated prostitutes in Japan was only 170,000 throughout World War II. In accordance with State University of latest York at Buffalo professor Yoshiko Nozaki and other sources, the vast majority of the girls were from Korea and China. Chuo University professor and historian Yoshiaki Yoshimi discovered an abundance of documentation and testimony proving the existence of 2,000 comfort girls stations the place approximately 200,000 Korean, Filipina, Taiwanese, Indonesian, Burmese, Dutch, Australian, and Japanese girls, many of whom were teenagers, have been confined and pressured to carry out sexual actions with Japanese troops. Japanese historian Yoshiaki Yoshimi further states that the Japanese navy used consolation ladies to fulfill disgruntled soldiers throughout World War II and prevent navy revolt.
On April 17, 2007, Yoshiaki Yoshimi and Hirofumi Hayashi announced the discovery of seven official paperwork in the archives of the Tokyo Trials, suggesting that Imperial military forces – such because the Tokkeitai (Naval military police) – compelled ladies whose fathers attacked the Kenpeitai (Japanese Army military police) to work in front-line brothels in China, Indochina, and Indonesia. Documents had been found in Shanghai that confirmed particulars of how the Japanese Army went about opening comfort stations for Japanese troops in occupied Shanghai. Most came from rural areas of the Mainland, Thailand, or the Philippines on 14-day tourist visas, though a very small quantity entered using solid paperwork. Stations were situated in Japan, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaya, Thailand, Burma, New Guinea, Hong Kong, Macau, and French Indochina. During World War II, Japanese troops pressured hundreds of thousands of ladies from Australia, Burma, China, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Japan, Korea, Indonesia, East Timor, New Guinea and different nations into sexual enslavement for Japanese troops; however, the vast majority of the girls have been from Korea. In response to Qiu Peipei of Vassar College, comfort ladies have been replaced with different girls at a fast charge, making her estimates of 200,000-400,000 comfort ladies plausible, with the majority being Chinese girls.
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